The role of construction and operation of dams and irrigation networks in organizing the spatial system of settlements Rural, Case: Alavian Reservoir Dam in Maragheh and Bonab (East Azerbaijan / Iran)

One of the most important development measures to meet the growing demand for drinking water, agriculture and industry is the construction of a dam. The effects and consequences (positive and negative) of the dam can be directly traced and identified in all elements and phenomena that are considered as part of the geographical space. Accordingly, the construction of a dam with spatial dimensions and its construction and use is within the framework of spatial planning. Given that in spatial-spatial systems, there are different types of structures and functions, it is necessary to study the structural-functional changes resulting from the construction of dams and irrigation networks, because it can cause the organization of the spatial system or its turbulence. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of construction and operation of the Alavian dam and irrigation network (more than 23 years have passed since its operation) in organizing the space system of rural settlements. The research method is positive and with a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, the information required for the research has been collected. In this regard, 370 sample households have been studied. Used for decomposition and. Findings show that SPSS changes in data analysis of descriptive and inferential statistics in structural-functional software resulting from the implementation of the project, mainly in terms of segmentation and adopting a top-down approach, as expected, organized the spatial system of rural settlements in The geographical area is not plotted. In addition, there is a significant relationship between the location of settlements in relation to the location of the dam, administrative-political divisions of areas and organization of the space system, so that the construction of the dam causes unbalanced development and confusion of the space system in human settlements above the dam (reservoir area) and Downstream of the dam (irrigation network area) and as a result, the difference between Maragheh and Bonab areas has been developed.