جغرافیا  (نشریۀ انجمن جغرافیایی ایران)

جغرافیا (نشریۀ انجمن جغرافیایی ایران)

فراتحلیل حکمرانی دوقلوهای دیجیتال شهری در توسعه‌ نظام‌مند شهر هوشمند تهران

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استاد گروه آموزشی جغرافیای انسانی دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
حکمرانی دوقلوهای دیجیتال با بهره‌گیری از فناوری پیشرفته، نقش حیاتی در توسعه نظام‌مند و پایدار شهرهای هوشمند ایفا می‌کند و مدیریت منابع و برنامه‌ریزی بهینه مناطق شهری را بهبود می‌بخشد. در این راستا، پژوهش باهدف حکمرانی دوقلوهای دیجیتال شهری در توسعه‌ نظام‌مند شهر هوشمند تهران تدوین شده است. رو پژوهش به‌صورت توصیفی - تحلیلی با ترکیب رویکرد فراتحلیل، مرور نظام‌مند و تحلیل مسیر طراحی شده است. در بخش مرور نظام‌مند، ۳۰۵ مقاله منتخب از بین ۶۲۲۶ مقاله اولیه منتشرشده در بازه زمانی ۲۰۱۰ تا ۲۰۲5 با استفاده از پایگاه Scopus و نرم‌افزار PRISMA پالایش شده و سپس با نرم‌افزار VOSviewer تحلیل شدند. متغیرهای پژوهش بر اساس خروجی مرور نظام‌مند تعیین و داده‌ها با روش مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری (PLS3) پردازش شدند. جامعه آماری متخصصان و مدیران مرتبط با حوزه شهر هوشمند و دوقلوی دیجیتال شهری بود که نمونه آماری ۹۶ نفر به روش هدفمند انتخاب شد. نتایج مرور نظام‌مند نشان داد که مدیریت داده، امنیت داده و مدل‌سازی شهری بیشترین تأثیر را بر موفقیت حکمرانی دوقلوی دیجیتال دارند و چالش‌هایی مانند فقدان هماهنگی نهادی، کمبود زیرساخت داده‌محور و نبود قوانین شفاف داده‌ای وجود دارد. نتایج مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری نشان داد که مدیریت و مدل‌سازی داده‌ها برای ارتقای تصمیم‌گیری و پایداری شهری اساسی است و حکمرانی دوقلوهای دیجیتال شهری چارچوب نهادی لازم برای هماهنگی فعالیت‌ها را فراهم می‌کند، هرچند چالش‌هایی نظیر امنیت و یکپارچگی داده‌ها همچنان باقی است؛ بنابراین گذار به سمت دوقلوی دیجیتال کارآمد مستلزم یکپارچگی نهادی، مشارکت شهروندان و استفاده از فناوری‌های هوش مصنوعی، اینترنت اشیا و رایانش ابری است؛ امری که می‌تواند به افزایش پایداری شهر تهران در آینده منجر شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

A Meta-Analytical Urban Digital Twin Governance in the Systematic Development of Tehran Smart City

نویسندگان English

ALi shamai 1
Alireza Dehzadegan 2
1 Professor, Department of Human Geography Faculty of geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
2 Ph. D Student of Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Extended Abstract
Introduction
Unprecedented 21st‑century urbanisation – 57% of the world population (4.6 billion) in 2023, expected to reach 70% by 2050 – has intensified pressures on infrastructure, housing, traffic, social equity, and the environment. The Urban Digital Twin (UDT) has emerged as a novel smart‑city framework that provides real‑virtual representation, modelling, and simulation for planners, integrated with IoT, AI, and big data to enhance predictive analytics, resource optimisation, and citizen participation. However, systematic reviews (Diaz‑Sarachaga, 2025; Cao et al., 2025; Khazina et al., 2025; Liu et al., 2025; Houzat et al., 2025; Weil et al., 2023; Shariatpour & Behzadfar, 2022, among others) show that most studies focus on technical aspects, leaving governance challenges unresolved: data integration, security, privacy, limited public participation, fragmented data ownership, and weak institutional coordination. A clear knowledge gap exists regarding a balanced framework that addresses technological, institutional, social, and environmental dimensions simultaneously, particularly for a complex metropolis like Tehran. Tehran faces multi‑layered problems: poor data management, institutional discontinuity, lack of data‑sharing standards, and no coherent governance framework for UDT deployment (Shariatpour & Behzadfar, 2022; Fartash et al., 2021). The research problem is how to establish and govern a UDT in Tehran so that, using meta‑analysis, systematic review, and path analysis, the effects of governance components on smart‑city development, institutional coordination, transparency, and forward‑looking accountability can be assessed. The main research question is: “What governance framework (principles, mechanisms, key indicators) can be formulated for effective UDT deployment in Tehran, and what impact does it have on institutional coordination, transparency, and forward‑looking accountability?” The main objective is to provide a comprehensive, operational governance framework for Tehran’s UDT that overcomes data, institutional, and participatory challenges. Secondary objectives are: (1) identify and rank key governance components (institutional, technical, social, environmental); (2) analyse the gap between current and desired data governance and institutional coordination; (3) measure the effect of these components on smart‑city indicators (transparency, accountability, sustainability). The link between objectives and the problem is that without developing this framework and understanding existing gaps, the practical deployment and impact assessment of UDT in Tehran cannot be achieved; thus the objectives directly answer the “how to establish/govern” and “assess effects” questions.

Methodology
This applied, descriptive‑analytical study uses meta‑analysis, systematic review, and path analysis. For the systematic review, the PRISMA 2020 software was used on Scopus database: from 6,226 initial articles, after filtering by publication type, title/abstract/keyword screening, searching relevant keywords (smart city, urban planning, digital twin, virtual reality, systematic urban development), and selecting English articles via Python, 305 articles remained for final analysis. VOSviewer was used for data visualisation. Based on the review output, 5 urban digital twin governance components (independent variables) and 6 smart city systematic development components (dependent variables) were identified. The sample (n=96, purposive/Cochran without N method) comprised university professors (34%), Tehran municipality managers/experts (27%), urban planning/technology consultants (21%), and smart city/digital twin specialists (18%). A 5‑point Likert scale was used, and data were analysed using structural equation modelling with partial least squares.

Results and Discussion
With the expansion of urbanisation and digital technologies, urban digital twin governance has become a novel approach for data‑driven decision‑making in smart cities, and research in this field has grown significantly since 2015, especially during 2024‑2025. The thematic focus is mainly on computer science and engineering, but social and environmental sciences also hold an important place; geographically, Asian countries (China, India) are leading, while the US and Europe also play a significant role. The co‑occurrence network of keywords indicates a transition from traditional technologies to artificial intelligence, big data, and blockchain, and a shift in orientation from mere modelling to data‑driven and managerial approaches. Path analysis results show that data dissemination, storage, modelling, visualisation, and security respectively play a vital role in planning, forecasting, transparency, and trustworthiness of the smart city. Finally, digital twin governance (the institutional dimension) was identified as the coordinating framework for technical and data components, and the systematic development of Tehran's smart city requires the integration of these dimensions along with addressing security and privacy challenges


Conclusion
Digital twin governance, with data-driven infrastructure and modern technologies (AI, big data), transforms decision-making in Tehran from reactive to proactive, enhancing transparency, accountability, and resilience. Research limitations include limited access to local data and neglecting socio-cultural dimensions. Proposals: develop online monitoring, improve data security, interactive simulation, strengthen digital governance, and integrate AI into Tehran's urban management.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Governance
Urban Digital Twins
Systematic Development
Smart City
Meta-analysis
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